Scope and Sequence of Reading
Reading 1
Auditory Discrimination
Distinguish long from short vowel sounds in spoken words; segment and blend sounds to form words; isolate and pronounce initial, medial, and final sounds; syllabication using vowel sounds; identify rhyming words
Letter-Sound Association
Spelling-sound correspondence of common consonant digraphs; decode one- and two-syllable words (syllabication); decode words with inflectional endings; recognize and read first-grade irregularly spelled words (high-frequency words)
Fluency
Read grade-level text aloud with accuracy and appropriate expression; use context to self-correct, rereading as necessary
Main Ideas and Details
Ask and answer questions; retell stories, including key details; identify main topic and important details; describe characters; describe connections between characters, events, or ideas in text; identify setting; sequence events
Author’s Craft / Text Structure
Identify figurative language and onomatopoeia; identify sensory details; identify fiction vs. nonfiction; identify different genres of text; identify speaker / point of view; ask and answer clarifying questions; identify and interpret text features and graphic features; identify problem and solution
Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
Use illustrations to describe characters, setting, events (fiction), or key ideas (nonfiction); make inferences from illustrations; draw conclusions using background knowledge or textual information; identify basic similarities and differences between two texts on the same subject; compare and contrast characters’ experiences in stories; make and verify predictions; make text-to-self connections, text-to-text connections, and text-to-world connections
Character Analysis
Identify character traits; infer character motives; identify character emotions; evaluate characters’ traits and actions
Composition
Formulate a different ending to a story; compose poems featuring onomatopoeia and elements of shape
Reading 2
Phonics and Word Recognition
Re-teaching of phonics: a review of the forty—four sounds of English with many of the variant spellings; Open/closed syllables, counting syllables, syllable division, base words/prefixes/suffixes, VC/CV pattern, compound words, consonant + -le; Service words
Vocabulary
Meaning from context; Synonyms; Antonyms; Prefixes; Suffixes; Analogies; Compound words; Contractions
Comprehension
Literal, interpretative, critical, appreciative levels; Biblical truth; Interpret pictures, follow directions, sequence, classify, compare and contrast, cause and effect, problem and solution; Make inferences, draw conclusions, predict outcomes; True/false statements, time/place relationships, relevant information, facts/opinions, main idea; Punctuation, capitalization, abbreviations, comparatives/superlatives, possessives, pronouns, action words, describing words
Literature
Reading a variety of genres: realistic fiction, historical fiction, fantasy, fable, folktale, tall tale, article, Bible account, biography, drama, mystery; Main character, character development, motives, traits; Setting, plot, point of view, fanciful elements, idioms, imagery, similes, figurative language; Poetry: rhyme, rhythm, repetition, onomatopoeia, alliteration
Study Skills
Book parts: title, author, illustrator, contents, glossary; Alphabetizing, books of the Bible, calendar, recipe, poem stanzas, hymn stanzas, captions, headings, maps, diagrams, graphs, graphic organizers
Fluency
Silent Reading: read for understanding, specific information, biblical truth, author's message; Oral Reading: communicate message of the author, language-like flow, communicate meaning, mood, portray characters, emotion, respond to punctuation, convey dialogue
Composition
Writing in response to reading; Descriptions, personal experiences, poems; Alternate story ending
Reading 3
Phonics and Word Recognition
Phonics review, introduction of additional variant spellings; Syllable division: base words/prefixes/suffixes, VC/CV pattern, compound words, prefixes/suffixes, two-syllable words, words ending with -tion, consonants + le, schwa syllables; Service words review
Vocabulary
Meaning from context; Synonyms; Antonyms; Analogies; Compound words; Contractions
Comprehension
Literal, interpretative, critical, appreciative levels; Biblical truth; Sequence, classify, compare and contrast, cause and effect, problem and solution; Make inferences, draw conclusions, predict outcomes; Time/place relationships, relevant information, facts/opinions, main idea; Punctuation, capitalization, abbreviations, comparatives/superlatives, possessives, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives
Literature
Reading a variety of genres: realistic fiction, historical fiction, fantasy, fable, folktale, tall tale, article, Bible account, biography, poetry, play, nonfiction, legend; Main character, character development, motives, traits; Setting, plot, point of view, fanciful elements, conflict, foreshadowing, fanciful elements; Poetry: rhyme, rhythm, onomatopoeia, alliteration, quatrains; Idioms: imagery, personification, metaphor, simile, humor, sarcasm, suspense
Study Skills
Book parts: contents, glossary; Encyclopedia, Bible concordance, cross-references, biographical dictionary, newspaper, classified ad; Skimming, scanning, PQ3R study method; Calendar, maps, diagrams, graphs, timeline, schedule
Fluency
Silent Reading: read for understanding, specific information, biblical truth, author's message; Oral Reading: communicate message of the author, language-like flow, communicate meaning, mood, portray characters, emotion, respond to punctuation, choral reading
Composition
Poetry, simile, rhyming riddles, alliterative phrases; News article, classified ad, personal experience, journal entry, friendly letter, persuasive essay, descriptive paragraph; Story mapping, play writing, tall tale, research writing, decree/law, financial report
Reading 4
Word Recognition
Optional remedial phonics
Vocabulary
Meaning from context; Synonyms; Antonyms; Analogies; Greek and Latin roots; Multiple Meanings
Comprehension
Literal and higher-order levels; Sequence, classify, compare and contrastm cause and effect, problem and solution; Make inferences, draw conclusions, predict outcomes; Place/size/time relationships, relevant/irrelevant information, facts/opinion, main idea, dialect, discernment, sense of history; Biblical discernment and cultural awareness
Literature
Reading a variety of genres: realistic fiction, historical fiction, Christian fiction, mystery, biography, autobiography, narrative nonfiction, informational text, procedural text, proverbs, parables, psalm, Bible account, fantasy, folktale, fable, tall tale, myth, poetry, reader’s theater, play; Main character, character motives, traits, background, and development; Setting, plot, theme, cause and effect, climax, point of view, conflict, foreshadowing, irony, moral, mood, suspense, good/evil elements, humor, symbol, word play, main idea and supporting details, worldview; Imagery, personification, onomatopoeia, metaphor, simile, exaggeration, dialect, palindrome; Poetry: free verse, haiku, limerick, acrostic, shape poems; rhyme, rhythm
Study Skills
Glossary, dictionary, Bible concordance, Bible study, internet research; Maps, timelines, diagrams, graphs, charts, sidebars, captions, titles, subtitles/section titles
Fluency
Silent Reading: for information, entertainment, understanding, spiritual growth, author's message, biblical truth; Oral Reading: communicate message of the author, communicate mood and motive, portray characters, convey emotion, convey meaning of Scripture, voice inflection, volume and pacing
Composition
Metaphor, simile, haiku, limerick, acrostic, folktale ending, letter, journal entry, research writing, interview
Reading 5
Vocabulary
Meaning from context; synonyms; antonyms; analogies; Greek and Latin roots; multiple meanings
Comprehension
Literal and higher-order levels; Sequence; classify; compare and contrast; cause and effect; problem and solution; Make inferences; draw conclusions; predict outcomes; summarize; Self-monitoring; facts/opinion; main idea and supporting details; sense of history; Biblical discernment and cultural awareness
Literature
Various genres: realistic fiction, historical fiction, Christian fiction, science fiction, mystery, biography, autobiography, narrative nonfiction, informational text, procedural text, proverbs, Bible prophecy, Bible account, fantasy, folktale, fable, tall tale, myth, poetry, reader’s theater; Main character; character motives, traits, background, dialect, development; Setting; plot; theme; cause and effect; climax; rising and falling action; point of view; conflict; foreshadowing; humor; invented words; irony; moral; mood; suspense; symbol; rhetorical questions; tone; wordplay; worldview; Imagery; personification; onomatopoeia; metaphor; simile; exaggeration; dialect; Poetry: free verse, limerick, hymn, sonnet, tanka, riddles, rhyme, rhythm
Study Skills
Glossary; dictionary; Bible concordance; Bible study; Summarizing; skimming; internet research; digital literacy; Maps; timelines; diagrams; graphs; charts; sidebars; captions; titles; subtitles/section titles
Book Reports
Writing process used to prepare and present written and oral book reports
Fluency
Silent reading: for information, entertainment, understanding, spiritual growth, author’s message, and biblical truth; Oral reading: communicate author’s message; communicate mood and motive; convey emotion; portray character; convey meaning of Scripture; voice inflection; volume and pacing
Composition
Metaphor; simile; haiku; tanka; limerick; letter; journal entry; research writing; interview
Reading 6
Phonics and Word Recognition
Syllable division and accented syllables review
Vocabulary
Vocabulary review and quizzes; Meaning from context; Synonyms; Antonyms; Prefixes; Suffixes; Analogies; Greek and Latin roots; Adverbs; Adjectives; Etymologies
Comprehension
Emphasis on critical and appreciative levels; Biblical truth; Sequence, classify, compare and contrast, cause and effect, problem and solution; Draw conclusions, predict/evaluate outcomes, make judgements, interpret information; Relevant/irrelevant information, facts/opinions, main idea, discernment, sense of history
Literature
Reading a variety of genres: fiction, realistic fiction, historical fiction, fantasy, folktale, fables, article, Bible account, biography, poetry, narrative; Main and lesser characters, character motives, traits, growth, and change, flat/round, dynamic/static characters, comparing and contrasting characters; Setting, plot, point of view, foreshadowing, flashback, tone, conflict, moral, mood, suspense, denouement, cliffhanger, resolution, open/closed endings, theme, symbolism, good/evil; Author biographies, propaganda, Caldecott and Newberry awards; Poetry: rhyme, rhythm, alliteration, anaphora; Idioms: personification, exaggeration, hyperbole, allusion, understatement, sarcasm, irony, dialect
Study Skills
Glossary, encyclopedia, thesaurus, Bible study, catalog order, Dewey decimal system, non-print media, periodical guide, atlas, headlines, primary/secondary sources, Venn diagram, graphic organizers; Skimming, scanning, PQ3R study method, outlining, paraphrasing, note taking, summarizing, topic sentence, listening strategy; Maps, diagrams, graphs, charts, timeline, tables
Fluency
Silent Reading: for information, entertainment, understanding, spiritual growth, author's message, Biblical truth; Oral Reading: communicate message of the author, communicate mood, motive, meaning, emotion, persuasive manner, interpret dialect, choral reading, voice expression, reading rate
Composition
Setting, plot, character sketch; Advertisement, article, predictions, summary, compare and contrast, charting, report, timeline, interview, research, brainstorming ideas; Short story, play, tall tale, Biblical fiction, devotional, radio broadcast, personal experience, humorous incident letter, opinion, thank you note, friendly letter, descriptive paragraph; Poem, riddles, haiku, cinquain, rhymes, choral reading; Devices of style, imagery, hyperbole, allusion, theme, irony, pun, point of view, figurative language